Duty cycle during operation is 50% (diurnal period) compared to wind applications, but by their nature, solar panels are in a warm environment when operating. When multiple panels are serialized together, the system voltage increases, but the current flow is only as good as the worst performing panel. The trend is to have local inverter electronics in each panel to provide match current and increase system efficiency. FF series capacitors are ideal as their design is done for a lifetime of 100,000 hours under the rated voltage and a calculated hot spot condition (AVX are able to provide hot spot calculation formulas for all FF series). The End-of-Life design criteria used is a decrease of capacitance value of 2%. However, this is a theoretical end-of-life because the capacitor can still be used beyond this point. If the application can allow a 5% capacitance decrease, lifetime will be widely increased. Finally, AVX Film capacitors can be designed to match the 20 – 30 year deployment targets of solar panels with no replacement required.